Date of Award
Spring 2025
Thesis Type
Open Access
Degree Name
Honors Bachelor of Arts
Department
Political Science
Sponsor
Dr. Dexter Boniface
Committee Member
Dr. Daniel Chong
Committee Member
Dr. Tahmina Rahman
Abstract
This study examines the causes of democratic backsliding in Latin America, comparing Brazil, Chile, El Salvador, and Costa Rica. Events like the January 8th, 2023 riot in Brazil and the use of intimidation tactics by President Bukele in El Salvador demonstrate the erosion that these two countries have faced. On the other hand, Chile and Costa Rica have maintained stable democracies. This study aims to understand what caused these countries’ different paths by examining the levels of political polarization, party deterioration, citizen dissatisfaction, and the presence of populist leaders. Overall, it was found that polarization and party deterioration increase the likelihood of democratic backsliding. Having a populist leader in power can also exacerbate the backsliding.
Recommended Citation
Foshee, Samantha, "What Causes Democratic Backsliding in Latin America? A Comparative Case Study of Brazil, Chile, El Salvador, and Costa Rica" (2025). Honors Program Theses. 247.
https://scholarship.rollins.edu/honors/247
Rights Holder
Samantha Foshee